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The cost of wireless phone technology has reduced significantly over the last decade.  This impressive advancement is one of the central building blocks of the emerging fields of “Telemedicine” and “Wireless Health”.  The success of these fields will surely increase the quality of health care and reduce the insurance costs in developed countries like the United States, Specifically, utilizing this advanced state of the art of the cell phone technology towards point-of-care diagnostics and/or microscopic imaging applications can offer numerous opportunities to improve health care especially in the developing world where medical facilities and infrastructure are extremely limited or even do not exist.   Centered on this vision, in this talk we introduce fundamentally new imaging and sensing architectures that can compensate in the digital domain for the lack of complexity of optical components by use of novel theories and numerical algorithms to address the immediate needs and requirements of Telemedicine for Global Health Problems. Specifically, we will present an on-chip cytometry platform that utilizes cost-effective and compact components to enable digital recognition and 3D microscopic imaging of cells with sub-cellular resolution over a large field of view without the need for any lenses, bulky optical components or coherent sources such as lasers.